Costs

Costs vary between technologies and also between low-end and high-end equipment within any one technology. It is the purpose and scale of an application that determine costs. Thus costs will depend on the choice of open- or closed-system architecture, type of application, centralised or decentralised storage, whether encryption is used as a means of data protection, and the decision of where in the system matching takes place.

Moreover, enhanced market competition or market distortions will also impact on costs, as will regulatory decisions on interoperability, standards and intellectual property rights.

In addition, it must be noted that real costs include overall system security (at all biometric stages) as well as those of the fall-back system which is an indispensable element of any proper biometric application.

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